Skip to main content

CASE REPORT article

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

Sec. Thrombosis and Haemostasis

Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2025.1574698

This article is part of the Research Topic Vascular Injury in Systemic Diseases: Current Concepts and Future Perspectives View all 7 articles

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia following double filtration plasmapheresis in a patient with anti-GAD65 autoimmune encephalitis

Provisionally accepted
Wanwan Li Wanwan Li 1Ying Chen Ying Chen 2Liping Ni Liping Ni 2Yufang Mei Yufang Mei 2Yan Zhou Yan Zhou 2Wenbin Wan Wenbin Wan 1,2*
  • 1 School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
  • 2 Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) is a group of disorders characterized by antibodies targeting neuronal cell surface, intracellular structures and synapse antigens.Treatment for AE involves reducing antibody levels and suppressing immune-mediated inflammation using intravenous immunoglobulin, plasma exchange (PE), and immune-modulating agents. PE is commonly used in autoimmune neurological diseases, but the safety issues of PE are worth continuous attention. This case report describes a 28-year-old patient who was diagnosed with anti-GAD65 AE and underwent treatments including double filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP), steroids, and immunosuppressive agents. However, complications arose when the patient developed thrombosis and was diagnosed with type II heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). He was treated with an oral anticoagulant and eventually recovered. One month later, follow-up examinations showed no presence of emboli and his epilepsy remained well controlled. There is a risk of HIT, a potentially dangerous adverse reaction to heparin during treatment of PE. The current case highlights the importance of monitoring for HIT during PE and the need for alternative anticoagulants.

    Keywords: Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, autoimmune encephalitis, Double filtration plasmapheresis, Heparin, Platelet, Thrombus

    Received: 14 Feb 2025; Accepted: 28 Mar 2025.

    Copyright: © 2025 Li, Chen, Ni, Mei, Zhou and Wan. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Wenbin Wan, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.

    Research integrity at Frontiers

    Man ultramarathon runner in the mountains he trains at sunset

    95% of researchers rate our articles as excellent or good

    Learn more about the work of our research integrity team to safeguard the quality of each article we publish.


    Find out more