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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.
Sec. Hypertension
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2025.1501551

The weight-adjusted-waist index predicts all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in hypertension

Provisionally accepted
Tao Sun Tao Sun 1*Yu Zheng Yu Zheng 2Zixing Nie Zixing Nie 2Yifan Zhang Yifan Zhang 2
  • 1 The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
  • 2 Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Anhui Province, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Background: Weight-adjusted-waist (WWI) is a novel indicator of obesity that reflects the degree of central obesity in the human body.The study aimed to explore the relationship between WWI and mortality in hypertensive individuals.Methods: Cross-sectional data from the 2001-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) dataset were used in this study. The relationship between WWI and mortality was assessed using a weighted Cox proportional risk model; the nonlinear relationship was explored using restricted cubic splines. The robustness of the results was verified by subgroup and sensitivity analyses.Results: A cohort of 11,556 people with a diagnosis of hypertension was included in this study. As a continuous variable, WWI was linked to higher rates of mortality from all-cause (HR = 1.23, 95%CI = 1.14, 1.33) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) (HR = 1.43, 95%CI = 1.23, 1.66) with hypertension in Model 3 adjusted for variables. Using WWI as a tertile categorical variable, individuals in the highest tertile had a 33% higher risk of all-cause death (HR = 1.33, 95%CI = 1.14, 1.56) and a 65% higher risk of CVD death (HR = 1.65, 95%CI = 1.19, 2.27) than individuals in the lowest tertile. According to the subgroup analysis, almost all groups showed a consistent positive correlation between WWI and mortality related to all-cause and CVD.In adults with hypertension, there is a positive association between WWI and all-cause and CVD mortality.

    Keywords: Weight-adjusted waist index, Hypertension, Obesity, NHANES, Mortality

    Received: 25 Sep 2024; Accepted: 13 Jan 2025.

    Copyright: © 2025 Sun, Zheng, Nie and Zhang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Tao Sun, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.