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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Cardiovasc. Med.
Sec. Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Drug Discovery
Volume 12 - 2025 |
doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2025.1475546
Network pharmacology to unveil the blood components and mechanisms of Tongmai Yangxin Pills in treating elderly coronary heart disease
Provisionally accepted- University of South China, Hengyang, China
Background: Tongmai Yangxin Pills (TMYXP) is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine compound to treat coronary heart disease (CHD). Aging is a key immutable independent risk factor for CHD. Currently, there are few gene expression profiles of patients treated with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) or TCM compound. However, the chemical composition and underlying mechanisms of TMYXP against elderly CHD need to be elucidated.Objective: Exploring the mechanism of TMYXP in treating elderly CHD based on human gene expression profiles, and find the key pharmacodynamic ingredients of TMYXP in treating elderly CHD based on plasma pharmacochemistry and network pharmacology.Methods: A strength of this study is the use of network pharmacology analysis of gene expression profiles in elderly CHD patients before and after TMYXP treatment. This study focused on peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples from 6 elderly patients with CHD over 60 years old (GSE142008). A total of 40 blood components of TMYXP identified by UPLC/Q-TOF-MS method in the plasma of SD rats. Then, we collected literature-validated TMYXP blood component targets for further network pharmacology analysis.Results: All blood components of TMYXP exhibited non-toxic properties. By retrieving validated TMYXP blood components's targets, 15 blood components correspond to a total of 4789 targets. Genistein, emodin, isoliquiritigenin, glycyrrhizic acid, gallic acid, verbascoside, calycosin, rhein, formononetin and ephedrine were the most potential anti-CHD blood components in TMYXP. The above 10 key blood components of TMYXP mainly regulate hub genes CASP3, TGFB1, PTGS2, CXCL8, FAS and JAK2, mediating multiple mechanisms to treat elderly CHD. TMYXP exerts anti-CHD effects on the TNF signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, p53 signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, lipid and atherosclerosis, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, diabetic cardiomyopathy and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. We further used molecular docking technology to verify the direct interaction of TMYXP blood components with its hub target for treating elderly CHD.Conclusion: This study builds a bridge connecting TMYXP blood components and its confirmed clinical efficacy, identifies a series of anti-CHD lead compounds, and analyzes their possible mechanisms for treating CHD.
Keywords: Tongmai yangxin pills, coronary heart disease, Plasma pharmacochemistry, Blood components, Mechanism, Network Pharmacology
Received: 04 Aug 2024; Accepted: 28 Jan 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Zhang, Li, Yan, Lin, Zhu, Tan and Zeng. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Sijie Tan, University of South China, Hengyang, China
Peng Zeng, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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