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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

Sec. Cardiovascular Genetics and Systems Medicine

Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2025.1453106

Evaluating the effects of coffee consumption on the structure and function of the heart from multiple perspectives

Provisionally accepted
Xiong-Bin MA Xiong-Bin MA 1Yan-Lin Lv Yan-Lin Lv 1Lin Qian Lin Qian 1Jing-Fen Yang Jing-Fen Yang 2Qian Song Qian Song 1Yongming Liu Yongming Liu 3*
  • 1 Lanzhou University Medical College, Lanzhou, China
  • 2 First Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province, China
  • 3 First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Objective: To assess the causal relationship between coffee consumption and cardiac structure and function in elderly European populations using multiple genetic methodologies.Methods: Leveraging genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from elderly European populations, we conducted linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC), two-step Mendelian randomization (MR), and colocalization analyses to investigate genetic associations, causal relationships, and mediating effects among these factors. Robustness of findings was verified through comprehensive sensitivity analyses.Results: LDSC regression analysis revealed positive genetic correlations between coffee consumption and cardiac parameters, excluding left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction and right ventricular (RV) ejection fraction. MR results demonstrated favorable associations between increased coffee consumption and cardiac parameters. After applying the Bonferroni adjustment to IVW analysis, as coffee consumption increased by each 1-cup/day, LV end-diastolic volume increased (β = 0.128; 95% CI: 0.043 to 0.212; P = 0.002), an increase in LV end-systolic volume (β = 0.143; 95% CI: 0.053 to 0.232; P = 0.001), an increase in RV end-diastolic volume (β = 0.200; 95% CI: 0.095 to 0.305; P < 0.001), and an increase in RV stroke volume (β = 0.209; 95% CI: 0.104 to 0.313; P < 0.001). Mediation analyses indicated that each 1-cup/day increase in coffee consumption significantly correlated with reduced diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and elevated body mass index (BMI). Notably, higher DBP exhibited inverse associations with ventricular systolic/diastolic functional parameters, whereas increased BMI demonstrated positive associations with these parameters, collectively mitigating age-related ventricular volume loss. No U-shaped associations were detected in linear MR frameworks. Colocalization analyses confirmed shared causal genetic variants between coffee intake and cardiac remodeling phenotypes.Conclusions: Genetically predicted coffee consumption may counteract age-associated ventricular volume loss in elderly Europeans through dual mediation pathways involving DBP reduction and BMI elevation. These structural adaptations suggest potential cardioprotective mechanisms against senile cardiac atrophy. Future studies should prioritize the integration of coffee consumption into cardiovascular risk assessment frameworks and develop personalized recommendations based on individual health profiles.

    Keywords: coffee consumption, Cardiac structure and function, Heart Failure, Oxidative Stress, Linkage disequilibrium score regression analysis, Mendelian randomization, Causal effect

    Received: 22 Jun 2024; Accepted: 01 Apr 2025.

    Copyright: © 2025 MA, Lv, Qian, Yang, Song and Liu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Yongming Liu, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.

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