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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Cardiovasc. Med.
Sec. Cardiovascular Metabolism
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2025.1446675
This article is part of the Research Topic Diabetes Augmentation on Vascular Disease, Volume II View all 10 articles
Reduced Heart Rate Response to Exercise in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Provisionally accepted- 1 Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
- 2 North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China
- 3 Qiyang People's Hospital, Yongzhou, China
- 4 Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- 5 HongPaiLou Community Healthcare Center, Chengdu, China
Background: Recent studies have found that heart rate response is impaired in patients with type 2 diabetes. However, it remains unclear how chronotropic competence changes in these patients and which chronotropic index is more closely related to type 2 diabetes. This study aims to investigate the changes in chronotropic competence in type 2 diabetes and compares the association of two different chronotropic indices with type 2 diabetes.Patients and Methods: Patients who underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing at the Chengdu Second People's Hospital from October 2022 to October 2023, we included. Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between chronotropic indices and type 2 diabetes, comparing which of the two chronotropic indices is more closely related to type 2 diabetes.Results: A total of 166 patients were included in our study, of which 42.8% had type 2 diabetes and 57.2% did not have type 2 diabetes. After adjusting for confounders, the OR for chronotropic index 1 with type 2 diabetes was 0.001(95%CI: 0.0001-0.521, P=0.03), and the OR for chronotropic index 2 with type 2 diabetes was 0.665(95%CI: 0.479-0.923, P=0.015), both showing a negative correlation with type 2 diabetes. When chronotropic index 2 was included in the model as quartiles, it still showed a negative correlation with type 2 diabetes (OR: 0.388; 95%CI: 0.173-0.869; P=0.021), while chronotropic index 1 showed no significant correlation.Heart rate response is reduced in patients with type 2 diabetes, and a low chronotropic index 2 is independently associated with type 2 diabetes.
Keywords: Heart rate response, chronotropic index, Cardiopulmonary exercise testing, type 2 diabetes, Correlation
Received: 10 Jun 2024; Accepted: 19 Mar 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Lou, Lang, Xia, Jiang, Li and Zhang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Xingping Zhang, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
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