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REVIEW article

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.
Sec. Cardiovascular Metabolism
Volume 11 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1529903
This article is part of the Research Topic Inflammatory Pathways in Cardiometabolic Diseases: Mechanisms, Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Insights View all articles

Mechanisms of Inflammatory Microenvironment Formation in Cardiometabolic Diseases: Molecular and Cellular Perspectives

Provisionally accepted
Menghua Liu Menghua Liu 1Rumeng Chen Rumeng Chen 1Zhiwei Zheng Zhiwei Zheng 1Shuling Xu Shuling Xu 1Chunyan Hou Chunyan Hou 1Yining Ding Yining Ding 1Mengling Zhang Mengling Zhang 2Mei-hua Bao Mei-hua Bao 2Binsheng He Binsheng He 2Sen Li Sen Li 1*
  • 1 Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
  • 2 Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Cardiometabolic diseases (CMD) are leading causes of death and disability worldwide, with complex pathophysiological mechanisms in which inflammation plays a crucial role. This review aims to elucidate the molecular and cellular mechanisms within the inflammatory microenvironment of atherosclerosis, hypertension and diabetic cardiomyopathy. In atherosclerosis, oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) activate immune cells contributing to foam cell formation and arterial wall thickening. Hypertension involves the activation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) alongside oxidative stress-induced endothelial dysfunction and local inflammation mediated by T cells. In diabetic cardiomyopathy, a high-glucose environment leads to the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), activating the Receptor for Advanced Glycation Endproducts (RAGE) receptor and triggering inflammatory responses that further damage cardiac and microvascular function. In summary, the inflammatory mechanisms in different types of metabolic cardiovascular diseases are complex and diverse; understanding these mechanisms deeply will aid in developing more effective individualized treatment strategies.

    Keywords: Cardiometabolic diseases, Inflammatory microenvironment, Atherosclerosis, Hypertension, Diabe c Cardiomyopathy Running tle: Inflammatory Mechanisms in Cardiometabolic Diseases

    Received: 18 Nov 2024; Accepted: 26 Dec 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Liu, Chen, Zheng, Xu, Hou, Ding, Zhang, Bao, He and Li. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Sen Li, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.