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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.
Sec. Intensive Care Cardiovascular Medicine
Volume 11 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1513212
This article is part of the Research Topic Critical Care Cardiology for Cardiovascular Emergencies View all 4 articles

Association of Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic index with all-cause mortality during hospitalization in critically ill patients: a retrospective cohort study from MIMIC IV2.2

Provisionally accepted
Xiaolong Qu Xiaolong Qu 1Yuping Liu Yuping Liu 2*Yuquan Xie Yuquan Xie 1*Jun Pu Jun Pu 1*
  • 1 Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
  • 2 Gongli Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    The Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic index(CKMI),a novel functional indicator proposed in this study, aims to accurately reflect the functional status of the heart, kidneys, and metabolism. However, its ability to predict mortality risk in critically ill patients during their stay in the intensive care unit (ICU) remains uncertain. Therefore, this study aims to validate the correlation between the CKMI during hospitalization and all-cause mortality.The study utilized the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV 2.2 (MIMIC-IV) dataset for a retrospective analysis of cohorts. The cohorts were divided into quartiles based on CKMI index levels. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality during ICU and hospital stay, while secondary endpoints included the duration of ICU stay and overall hospitalization period. We established Cox proportional hazards models and employed multivariable Cox regression analysis and restricted cubic spline(RCS) regression analysis to explore the relationship between CKMI index and all-cause mortality during hospitalization in critically ill patients. Additionally, subgroup analyses were conducted based on different subgroups.The study enrolled 1576 patients (male 60.79%). In-patient and ICU mortality was 11.55% and 6.73%. Multivariate COX regression analysis demonstrated a significant negative correlation between CKMI index and the risk of hospital death (HR, 0.26 [95% CI 0.07-0.93], P=0.038) and ICU mortality (HR, 0.13 [95% CI 0.03-0.67], P=0.014).RCS regression model revealed that in-hospital mortality (P-value =0.015, P-Nonlinear =0.459) and ICU mortality (P-value = 0.029, P-Nonlinear =0.432) increased linearly with increasing CKMI index. Subgroup analysis confirmed consistent effect size and direction across different subgroups, ensuring stable results.Our research findings suggest that a higher CKMI index is associated with a significant reduction in both in-hospital and ICU mortality among critically ill patients. Therefore, CKMI index emerges as a highly valuable prognostic indicator for predicting the risk of in-hospital death in this population. However, to strengthen the validity of these results, further validation through larger-scale prospective studies is imperative.

    Keywords: Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic index, In-hospital mortality, Intensive Care Unit, MIMIC-IV database, Retrospective cohort study

    Received: 18 Oct 2024; Accepted: 21 Nov 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Qu, Liu, Xie and Pu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence:
    Yuping Liu, Gongli Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200135, China
    Yuquan Xie, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
    Jun Pu, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

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