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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.
Sec. Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Prevention
Volume 11 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1417523

Impact of hypertensive heart disease, risk factors, and age-period-cohort models across 204 nations and regions from 1990–2019: A global perspective from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease study

Provisionally accepted
Guoliang Gao Guoliang Gao *Zhaoyi Chen Zhaoyi Chen Guoping Yan Guoping Yan Minqiang Bao Minqiang Bao
  • Xuancheng People's Hospital (Affiliated Xuancheng Hospital of Wannan Medical College), xuancheng, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Background: Hypertensive heart disease (HHD) is a major global public health issue resulting from hypertension-induced end-organ damage. The aim of this study was to examine the global impact, risk factors, and age-period-cohort (APC) model of HHD from 1990 to 2019. Methods: Data from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease were used to assess age-adjusted HHD prevalence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), mortality rates, and contributions of HHD risk factors with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). APC models were used to analyze global age, period, and cohort mortality trends for HHD. Results: In 2019, 18.6 million prevalent HHD cases led to 1.16 million fatalities and 21.51 million DALYs. Age-adjusted rates were 233.8 (95%UI=170.5-312.9) per 100,000 individuals for prevalence, 15.2 (11.2-16.7) for mortality, and 268.2 (204.6-298.1) for DALYs. Regionally, the Cook Islands (703.1), Jordan (561.6), and Kuwait (514.9) had the highest age-standardized incidence of HHD in 2019. There were significant increases in HHD prevalence in Andean Latin America (16.7%), western sub-Saharan Africa (5.6%), and eastern sub-Saharan Africa (4.6%). Mortality rate varied widely among countries. Risk factors like elevated systolic blood pressure and high body mass index significant influenced DALY rates, especially in females. The APC model revealed an association between mortality rates and age, with a decreasing mortality risk over time and improved survival rates for a later birth cohort. Conclusions: Despite the reduction in prevalence, HHD remains a significant public health issue, particularly in nations with low sociodemographic indices. To alleviate the impact of HHD, prevention efforts should concentrate on the management of hypertension, weight loss, and lifestyle improvement.

    Keywords: 2019 Global Burden of Disease study, Hypertensive heart disease, ageperiod-cohort analysis, Risk factors, mortality rates, prevalence trends, sociodemographic factors

    Received: 15 Apr 2024; Accepted: 03 Jul 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Gao, Chen, Yan and Bao. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Guoliang Gao, Xuancheng People's Hospital (Affiliated Xuancheng Hospital of Wannan Medical College), xuancheng, China

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