AUTHOR=Sabina Michael , Khanani Aqeel , Tsai Joshua , Rigdon Amanda , Massaro Joseph 

TITLE=Management of PFO in paradoxical embolic stroke with hemorrhagic conversion: a case report

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

VOLUME=11

YEAR=2024

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cardiovascular-medicine/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2024.1395542

DOI=10.3389/fcvm.2024.1395542

ISSN=2297-055X

ABSTRACT=<p>A paradoxical embolism is defined as a venous thrombus that crosses through a heart defect, into the systemic circulation, usually through a patent foramen ovale. Treatment varies between closure of patent foramen ovale vs. medical management based on a variety of individual risk factors and the cardiac defect's characteristics. We describe a case of paradoxical stroke complicated by hemorrhagic conversion, ultimately requiring an IVC filter.</p>