The level at which cumulative blood pressure (BP) can increase the risk of ASCVD in different age groups remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association of 10-year cumulative BP levels with the long-term risk of ASCVD of different age groups.
Cumulative BP exposure was assessed using the time-weighted average (TWA) BP divided into four BP groups. The participants were also divided into four groups according to their baseline age (<50, 50–59, 60–69, or ≥70 years). The association between TWA BP and the risk of ASCVD was assessed by age group using multivariate Cox models. The China-PAR prediction model was used to assess the ability of TWA BP to predict ASCVD.
In the group aged <50 years, the hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the risk of ASCVD were 2.66 (1.04–6.80), 3.38 (1.54–7.43), and 3.13 (1.36–7.24) for the elevated BP, stage 1 hypertension, and stage 2 hypertension groups, respectively, when compared with the normal BP group. There was a significant difference in the risk of ASCVD between the age groups, with participants aged <50 years having the highest risk, followed by those aged 50–59, 60–69, and ≥70 years.
The risk of ASCVD with high cumulative BP exposure was age-dependent, with a gradual decrease in risk with increasing age.