AUTHOR=Huang Xianghui , Gao Yuan , Chen Weicheng , Sheng Wei , Huang Guoying 

TITLE=Noncardiac anomalies in children with congenital heart disease

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

VOLUME=10

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cardiovascular-medicine/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2023.1293210

DOI=10.3389/fcvm.2023.1293210

ISSN=2297-055X

ABSTRACT=<sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Noncardiac anomalies (NCAs) in patients with congenital heart defects (CHDs) are crucial for perioperative management and etiology studies. This study aimed to investigate NCAs in Chinese children with CHDs.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Medical records for CHD-diagnosed children hospitalized from 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2019 were collected and subjected to retrospective analyses to excavate potential association rules between CHDs and noncardiac malformations.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>A total of 3,788 CHD patients were included in this study. The main phenotypes of CHD were Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD, 33.69%), Atrial Septal Defect (ASD, 12.72%), and Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF, 5.54%). A total of 887 (23.42%) cases showed noncardiac anomalies, which were mainly associated with the central nervous system (34.61%), nose/ear/mandibular/face (19.39%), genitourinary system (15.78%), and musculoskeletal system (15.56%). Compared to other CHD subtypes, septal defects had a lower percentage of associated NCAs (<italic>P </italic>= 3.7 × 10<sup>−9</sup>) while AVSD had a higher percentage (<italic>P </italic>= 0.0018).</p></sec><sec><title>Disscussion</title><p>NCAs are prevalent among CHD-diagnosed children in China, and the spectrums of NCAs in different CHD subcategories were different.</p></sec>