AUTHOR=Suh Sang Heon , Oh Tae Ryom , Choi Hong Sang , Kim Chang Seong , Bae Eun Hui , Oh Kook-Hwan , Choi Kyu Hun , Oh Yun Kyu , Ma Seong Kwon , Kim Soo Wan 

TITLE=Association of Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction With Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Pre-dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease: Findings From KNOW-CKD Study

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

VOLUME=9

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cardiovascular-medicine/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2022.844312

DOI=10.3389/fcvm.2022.844312

ISSN=2297-055X

ABSTRACT=<sec><title>Background</title><p>The impact of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) on cardiovascular (CV) outcomes in patients with pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been rarely unveiled. We here investigated the association of LVDD with CV outcomes and all-cause mortality in patients with pre-dialysis CKD.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>A total of 2,135 patients with pre-dialysis CKD from the Korean Cohort Study for Outcomes in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease (KNOW-CKD) cohort were dichotomized by the absence or presence of LVDD, which was defined as the ratio of the early transmitral blood flow velocity to early diastolic velocity of the mitral annulus (<italic>E</italic>/<italic>e</italic>′) &gt; 14.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Cox regression analysis revealed that LVDD was significantly associated with increased risk of composite CV events [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 2.194, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.486–3.240] and all-cause mortality (adjusted HR 1.830, 95% CI 1.168–2.869). Restricted cubic splines visualized stringent linear correlations of <italic>E</italic>/<italic>e</italic>′ with both composite CV events and all-cause mortality. In the sensitivity analysis only including the subjects with left ventricular ejection fraction ≥ 50%, LVDD was still significantly associated with adverse CV outcomes (adjusted HR 1.984, 95% CI 1.325–3.000) and all-cause mortality (adjusted HR 1.727, 95% CI 1.083–2.754), suggesting that the impact of LVDD on the outcomes in patients with CKD is independent of LV systolic function. Subgroup analyses revealed that the associations were not modified by various clinical contexts, such as age, sex, burden of comorbid conditions, body mass index, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and albuminuria.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>LVDD is independently associated with adverse CV outcomes and all-cause mortality in patients with pre-dialysis CKD.</p></sec>