AUTHOR=Zhuang Chenchen , Luo Xufei , Wang Wenjuan , Sun Runmin , Qi Miaomiao , Yu Jing 

TITLE=Cardiovascular Risk According to Body Mass Index in Women of Reproductive Age With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

VOLUME=9

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cardiovascular-medicine/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2022.822079

DOI=10.3389/fcvm.2022.822079

ISSN=2297-055X

ABSTRACT=<sec><title>Background</title><p>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous condition that affects women of reproductive age. The association between PCOS and cardiovascular risk according to body mass index (BMI) categories is unclear.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>We evaluated the association between cardiovascular risk according to BMI categories and PCOS in women of reproductive age.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>A literature search was conducted in the EMBASE, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and PubMed databases from their inception to 9 September, 2021. Observational cross-sectional, retrospective, and prospective controlled studies were included. The main analyses examined the relationship between cardiovascular risks (i.e., blood pressure and lipid levels) and BMI in women of reproductive age with PCOS.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Thirty-eight studies, with a total of 6,078 subjects, were included in this metaanalysis. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were higher in women of reproductive age with PCOS. Lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol [SMD (95% CI): −0.21 (−0.35, −0.08), <italic>p</italic> = 0.002], higher triglycerides [SMD (95% CI): 0.38 (0.29, 0.48), <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001], higher low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol [SMD (95% CI): 0.29 (0.20, 0.39), <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001], higher nonHDL-cholesterol [SMD (95% CI): 0.42 (0.31, 0.52), <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001] and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) [MD (95% CI): 0.03 (0.02, 0.04), <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001] were seen in women of reproductive age with PCOS. In addition, the subgroup analysis revealed that systolic BP and HDL-cholesterol increased at BMI &lt; 25 kg/m<sup>2</sup> and BMI 25–30 kg/m<sup>2</sup>. Diastolic BP increased at BMI 25–30 kg/m<sup>2</sup>. Triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol, nonHDL-cholesterol, and WHR increased in all BMI categories.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>PCOS is associated with cardiovascular risk. Lipid levels and BP increased in women of reproductive age with PCOS, regardless of BMI.</p></sec><sec><title>Systematic Review Registration</title><p>Open Science Framework (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/92NBY" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">10.17605/OSF.IO/92NBY</ext-link>).</p></sec>