AUTHOR=Tong Ling , Wang Bei-Bei , Li Fei-Hong , Lv Shu-Ping , Pan Fei-Fei , Dong Xin-Jiang 

TITLE=An Updated Meta-Analysis of the Relationship Between Helicobacter pylori Infection and the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

VOLUME=9

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cardiovascular-medicine/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2022.794445

DOI=10.3389/fcvm.2022.794445

ISSN=2297-055X

ABSTRACT=<sec><title>Background</title><p>Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the leading causes of mortality in the world. Although the traditional risk factors for CHD have been identified, it seems that there are still many CHD cases without these factors. Previous studies have hypothesized that <italic>Helicobacter pylori</italic> (<italic>H. pylori</italic>) infection was associated with the risk of CHD.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>The association between <italic>H. pylori</italic> infection and the risk of CHD was studied using a systematic evaluation and meta-analysis method.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>In order to find relevant studies, four electronic databases were systematically searched until August 2021. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, studies were screened and data were extracted. Under the random-effects or the fixed-effects model, the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were combined. All analyses were conducted using Review Manager software (RevMan 5.4).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Among the included studies, 2 studies were analyzed for <italic>H. pylori</italic> stool antigen test, 2 studies were analyzed for <italic>H. pylori</italic> histological staining test, 13 studies were analyzed for the anti-CagA test, and 38 studies were analyzed for the anti-<italic>H. pylori</italic> IgG test. The pooled results revealed that positive anti-<italic>H. pylori</italic> IgG was significantly associated with an increased risk of CHD (OR, 1.58; 95% CI: 1.34–1.87). Similarly, positive anti-CagA, positive <italic>H. pylori</italic> stool antigen, and positive <italic>H. pylori</italic> histological staining were significantly associated with the development of CHD with (OR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.16–1.53), (OR: 3.50, 95% CI: 1.60–7.66), and (OR: 1.78, 95% CI: 1.12–2.83), respectively.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>This meta-analysis showed that <italic>H. pylori</italic> infection increased the risk of CHD. However, more studies are needed to further investigate whether early eradication of <italic>H. pylori</italic> may reduce the morbidity of CHD.</p></sec>