AUTHOR=Hartley Adam , Shun-Shin Matthew , Caga-Anan Mikhail , Rajkumar Christopher , Nowbar Alexandra N. , Foley Michael , Francis Darrel P. , Haskard Dorian O. , Khamis Ramzi Y. , Al-Lamee Rasha K. 

TITLE=The Placebo-Controlled Effect of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention on Exercise Induced Changes in Anti-Malondialdehyde-LDL Antibody Levels in Stable Coronary Artery Disease: A Substudy of the ORBITA Trial

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

VOLUME=8

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cardiovascular-medicine/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2021.757030

DOI=10.3389/fcvm.2021.757030

ISSN=2297-055X

ABSTRACT=<p><bold>Aim:</bold> Malondialdehyde-modified low-density lipoprotein (MDA-LDL) forms a significant component of oxidised LDL. The effects of exercise on levels of MDA-LDL and anti-MDA-LDL antibodies are not well-understood. Furthermore, it is not known whether these can be modified in patients with coronary artery disease by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).</p><p><bold>Methods:</bold> The Objective Randomised Blinded Investigation with optimal medical Therapy of Angioplasty in stable angina (ORBITA) trial was the first blinded, multi-centre randomised trial of PCI vs. placebo procedure for angina relief. Serum samples were available at four time-points: pre-randomisation pre- (P1) and post- (P2) exercise and post-randomisation (6-weeks following the PCI or placebo procedure), pre- (P3) and post- (P4) exercise. ELISAs were performed using laboratory-developed assays for MDA-LDL (adjusted for Apolipoprotein B) and anti-MDA-LDL antibodies.</p><p><bold>Results:</bold> One hundred ninety-six of the 200 patients (age 66.1 [SD 8.99] years, 28% female) with severe single vessel coronary artery disease suitable for PCI enrolled in the ORBITA trial had blood available for analysis. With exercise at pre-randomisation (P2–P1) there was no significant change in adjusted MDA-LDL (−0.001, 95% CI −0.004 to 0.001; <italic>p</italic> = 0.287); however, IgG and IgM anti-MDA-LDL significantly declined (−0.022, 95% CI −0.029 to −0.014, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.0001; −0.016, 95% CI −0.024 to −0.008, <italic>p</italic> = 0.0002, respectively). PCI did not have a significant impact on either the pre-exercise values (P3 controlling for P1) of MDA-LDL (<italic>p</italic> = 0.102), IgG (<italic>p</italic> = 0.444) or IgM anti-MDA-LDL (<italic>p</italic> = 0.909). Nor did PCI impact the exercise induced changes in these markers (P4 controlling for P1, P2, and P3) for MDA-LDL (<italic>p</italic> = 0.605), IgG (<italic>p</italic> = 0.725) or IgM anti-MDA-LDL (<italic>p</italic> = 0.171). Pre-randomisation ischaemia on stress echo did not impact these interactions.</p><p><bold>Conclusions:</bold> Exercise results in an acute reduction in anti-oxLDL antibodies in patients with severe single vessel coronary disease, possibly indicating an induction in homoeostatic clearance via the innate immune system. However, PCI did not ameliorate this effect.</p>