AUTHOR=Albaghdadi Mazen S. , Wang Zheng , Gao Ying , Mutharasan R. Kannan , Wilkins John 

TITLE=High-Density Lipoprotein Subfractions and Cholesterol Efflux Capacity Are Not Affected by Supervised Exercise but Are Associated with Baseline Interleukin-6 in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

VOLUME=4

YEAR=2017

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cardiovascular-medicine/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2017.00009

DOI=10.3389/fcvm.2017.00009

ISSN=2297-055X

ABSTRACT=<sec id="ST1"><title>Objective</title><p>To quantify the association between high-density lipoprotein (HDL) subfractions, efflux capacity, and inflammatory markers at baseline and the effect of supervised exercise on these HDL parameters in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD).</p></sec><sec id="ST2"><title>Methods</title><p>The study to improve leg circulation (SILC) was a randomized trial of supervised treadmill exercise, leg resistance training, or control in individuals with PAD. In a <italic>post hoc</italic> cross-sectional analysis, we quantified the associations between baseline HDL subfraction concentrations (HDL2 and HDL3), HDL-C efflux capacity, and inflammatory markers [C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6)]. We then examined the effect of supervised exercise on changes in these lipoprotein parameters and inflammatory markers in 88 patients from SILC.</p></sec><sec id="ST3"><title>Results</title><p>Baseline HDL-C efflux capacity was associated with baseline concentrations of HDL2 (β = 0.008, <italic>p</italic> = 0.0106), HDL3 (β = 0.013, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.0001), and IL-6 (β = −0.019, <italic>p</italic> = 0.03). Baseline HDL3 concentration was inversely associated with IL-6 concentration (β = −0.99, <italic>p</italic> = 0.008). Compared to control, changes in HDL2, HDL3, normalized HDL-C efflux capacity, CRP, or IL-6 were not significantly different at 6 months following the structured exercise intervention.</p></sec><sec id="ST4"><title>Conclusion</title><p>HDL efflux and HDL3 were inversely associated with IL-6 in PAD patients. Structured exercise was not associated with changes in HDL subfractions, HDL-C efflux capacity, CRP, and IL-6 in PAD patients. Our preliminary findings support the theory that inflammation may adversely affect HDL structure and function; however, further studies are needed to evaluate these findings.</p></sec>