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REVIEW article
Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.
Sec. Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
Volume 13 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2025.1545693
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Bone defects have historically represented a significant challenge in clinical practice, with traditional surgical intervention remaining the gold standard for their management. However, due to the problem of the origin of autologous and allogeneic bone and the complex and diverse bone defects, traditional surgical methods sometimes cannot meet the treatment needs and expectations of patients.The development of bone tissue engineering and 3D printing technology provides new ideas for bone defect repair.Ideal bioscaffold materials must have good mechanical properties, biocompatibility, osteoinduction and bone conduction capabilities.Additionally, factors such as degradation rate, appropriate porosity and a sustained antibacterial effect must be taken into account. The combination of 3D printing technology and synthetic composite biomaterial scaffolds has become a well-established approach in the treatment of complex bone defects, offering innovative solutions for bone defect repair. The combined application of seed cells, signalling factors and biological scaffolds is also beneficial to improve the therapeutic effect of complex bone defects.This article will therefore examine some of the most commonly used 3D printing technologies for biological scaffolds and the most prevalent bioscaffold materials suitable for 3D printing. An analysis will be conducted on the mechanical and biological properties of these materials to elucidate their respective advantages and limitations.
Keywords: 3D printing, Biological scaffolds, mesenchymal stem cell, Bone defect, bone tissue engineering, Biocompatibility, mechanical strength 3D printing, mechanical strength
Received: 15 Dec 2024; Accepted: 10 Mar 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Wang, Xu, Cao, Xiong, Shang, Cong, Zhao, Wei, Li, Fu, Lian and Zhao. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Haoyi Lian, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
Zhenhua Zhao, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
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