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REVIEW article

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.
Sec. Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
Volume 13 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2025.1518905
This article is part of the Research Topic Biofabricated Tissues and Organs for Clinical Impact View all 6 articles

Decellularization Techniques: Unveiling the Blueprint for Tracheal Tissue Engineering

Provisionally accepted
Keisha T. Gomes Keisha T. Gomes 1Palla Ranga Prasad Palla Ranga Prasad 1Jagnoor Singh Sandhu Jagnoor Singh Sandhu 2Ashwini Kumar Ashwini Kumar 3Naveena AN Kumar Naveena AN Kumar 4N. B. Shridhar N. B. Shridhar 5Bharti Bisht Bharti Bisht 6Manash K. Paul Manash K. Paul 1*
  • 1 School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
  • 2 Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
  • 3 Department of Forensic Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education,, Manipal, India
  • 4 Department of Surgical Oncology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal, India, India
  • 5 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary College Campus, Shivamogga, Karnataka, Shivamogga, India
  • 6 Department of Microbiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Certain congenital or acquired diseases and defects such as tracheo-oesophageal fistula, tracheomalacia, tracheal stenosis, airway ischemia, infections, and tumours can cause damage to the trachea. Treatments available don’t offer any permanent solutions. Moreover, long-segment defects in the trachea have no available surgical treatments. Tissue engineering has gained popularity in current regenerative medicine as a promising approach to bridge this gap. Among the various tissue engineering techniques, decellularization is a widely used approach that removes the cellular and nuclear contents from the tissue while preserving the native extracellular matrix components. The decellularized scaffolds exhibit significantly lower immunogenicity and retain the essential biomechanical and proangiogenic properties of native tissue, creating a foundation for trachea regeneration. The present review provides an overview of trachea decellularization advancements, exploring how recellularization approaches can be optimized by using various stem cells and tissue-specific cells to restore the scaffold’s structure and function. We examine critical factors such as mechanical properties, revascularization, and immunogenicity involved in the transplantation of tissue-engineered grafts.

    Keywords: Trachea, Decellularization, Recellularization, scaffolds, transplantation Default Paragraph Font, Font: (Default) Times New Roman, 12 pt, Complex Script Font: +Body CS (Mangal)

    Received: 29 Oct 2024; Accepted: 03 Feb 2025.

    Copyright: © 2025 Gomes, Prasad, Sandhu, Kumar, Kumar, Shridhar, Bisht and Paul. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Manash K. Paul, School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.