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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.
Sec. Biomaterials
Volume 12 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1524133
This article is part of the Research Topic Biomaterials and Biological Regulation for Bone Tissue Remodeling and Regeneration View all 6 articles

Establishing rabbit critical-size bone defects to evaluate the bone-regeneration capacities of porous calcium-phosphate ceramics

Provisionally accepted
Wei Lei Wei Lei 1*Yan Wu Yan Wu 1,2*Hao Yuan Hao Yuan 3*Ping He Ping He 1*Jingqi Wu Jingqi Wu 1*Jingrong Chen Jingrong Chen 1*Yuxiao Liu Yuxiao Liu 1*Hongmei Zhang Hongmei Zhang 1Joost De Bruijn Joost De Bruijn 4*Xuerong Xiang Xuerong Xiang 1*Ping Ji Ping Ji 1*Huipin Yuan Huipin Yuan 4*Mingzheng Li Mingzheng Li 1*
  • 1 Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
  • 2 Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China
  • 3 Huipin Yuan’s Lab, Chengdu, 610000, P.R.China, Chengdu, China
  • 4 Kuros Biosciences (Netherlands), Bilthoven, Netherlands

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Critical-size bone defects (CSDs), which are those that do not self-repair in a given period, are essential in evaluating bone-regeneration strategies. In this study, CSD models were established in the rabbit cranium and ulna, and the bone-regeneration capacities of porous calcium-phosphate (CaP) ceramics were assessed. A 12.6-mm cranial defect was confirmed as a CSD after 12 weeks, with submicron surfacestructured biphasic calcium-phosphate (BCP) implants (consisting of 20% hydroxyapatite and 80% tricalcium phosphate [TCP]) demonstrating significantly greater bone formation (32.2±10.6%) than micron surface-structured TCP (TCP-B) implants (17.8 ± 4.6%, p = 0.0121). Ulna defects (15.0 mm in length) failed to heal spontaneously within 24 weeks when the periosteum was removed from both the ulna and radius, and the radius was covered with an expanded Polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) membrane. No bone bridging (i.e., union) was observed in the BCP implants at 12 weeks, whereas 80% of BCP implants (four out of five) achieved union by 24 weeks. Furthermore, the bone area within the available space of BCP implants increased significantly, from 19.3±7.3% at 12 weeks to 37.7±8.5% at 24 weeks (p=0.0063), and this was accompanied by significant BCP resorption (14.8% in 12 weeks and 30.2% in 24 weeks). This study offers two rabbit CSD models for evaluating bone-regeneration strategies (including bone substitution), and the overall data obtained in the current study indicate the possibility of repairing CSDs, with CaP ceramics being able to improve bone-forming ability with an adequate implantation time.

    Keywords: Critical-size bone defect, Bone Regeneration, Bone Substitutes, Calciumphosphate ceramic, submicron surface topography

    Received: 07 Nov 2024; Accepted: 20 Dec 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Lei, Wu, Yuan, He, Wu, Chen, Liu, Zhang, De Bruijn, Xiang, Ji, Yuan and Li. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence:
    Wei Lei, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
    Yan Wu, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
    Hao Yuan, Huipin Yuan’s Lab, Chengdu, 610000, P.R.China, Chengdu, China
    Ping He, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
    Jingqi Wu, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
    Jingrong Chen, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
    Yuxiao Liu, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
    Joost De Bruijn, Kuros Biosciences (Netherlands), Bilthoven, 3723, Netherlands
    Xuerong Xiang, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
    Ping Ji, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
    Huipin Yuan, Kuros Biosciences (Netherlands), Bilthoven, 3723, Netherlands
    Mingzheng Li, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China

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