The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.
MINI REVIEW article
Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.
Sec. Biomaterials
Volume 12 - 2024 |
doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1478517
Alternatives of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Exosomes as Potential Therapeutic Platforms
Provisionally accepted- Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
With outstanding therapeutic potential in the tissue regeneration and anti-inflammation, mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-EXOs) have emerged as a prominent therapeutic in recent. However, poor production yield and reproducibility have remained as a significant challenge of their practical applications. To surmount these challenge, various alternative materials with stem cell-like functions, have been recently investigated, however, there have been no comprehensive analysis in these alternatives so far. Here, we discuss the recent progress of alternatives of MSC-EXOs, including exosomes and exosome-like nanovesicles from various biological sources such as plants, milk, microbes, and body fluids. Moreover, we extensively compare each alternative by summarizing their unique functions and mode of actions to suggest expected therapeutic target and future directions for developing alternatives for MSC-EXOs.
Keywords: extracellular vesicles, Exosomes, Nanovesicles, membrane vesicles, Regenerative Medicine
Received: 09 Aug 2024; Accepted: 26 Aug 2024.
Copyright: © 2024 Lee, Jung, Yoo, Go, Park, Lee and Um. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Jong Min Lee, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
Wooram Um, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.