AUTHOR=Scala Pasqualina , Manzo Paola , Lamparelli Erwin Pavel , Lovecchio Joseph , Ciardulli Maria Camilla , Giudice Valentina , Selleri Carmine , Giordano Emanuele , Rehak Laura , Maffulli Nicola , Della Porta Giovanna TITLE=Peripheral blood mononuclear cells contribute to myogenesis in a 3D bioengineered system of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and myoblasts JOURNAL=Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology VOLUME=10 YEAR=2023 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/bioengineering-and-biotechnology/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2022.1075715 DOI=10.3389/fbioe.2022.1075715 ISSN=2296-4185 ABSTRACT=

In this work, a 3D environment obtained using fibrin scaffold and two cell populations, such as bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), and primary skeletal muscle cells (SkMs), was assembled. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) fraction obtained after blood filtration with HemaTrate® filter was then added to the 3D culture system to explore their influence on myogenesis. The best cell ratio into a 3D fibrin hydrogel was 1:1 (BM-MSCs plus SkMs:PBMCs) when cultured in a perfusion bioreactor; indeed, excellent viability and myogenic event induction were observed. Myogenic genes were significantly overexpressed when cultured with PBMCs, such as MyoD1 of 118-fold at day 14 and Desmin 6-fold at day 21. Desmin and Myosin Heavy Chain were also detected at protein level by immunostaining along the culture. Moreover, the presence of PBMCs in 3D culture induced a significant downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression, such as IL6. This smart biomimetic environment can be an excellent tool for investigation of cellular crosstalk and PBMC influence on myogenic processes.