AUTHOR=Ferreira Luziane Cristina , Moreira Bruno Rafael de Almeida , Montagnolli Renato Nallin , Prado Evandro Pereira , Viana Ronaldo da Silva , Tomaz Rafael Simões , Cruz Jaqueline Matos , Bidoia Ederio Dino , Frias Yanca Araujo , Lopes Paulo Renato Matos 

TITLE=Green Manure Species for Phytoremediation of Soil With Tebuthiuron and Vinasse

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology

VOLUME=8

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/bioengineering-and-biotechnology/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2020.613642

DOI=10.3389/fbioe.2020.613642

ISSN=2296-4185

ABSTRACT=<p>Tebuthiuron is often used to control weed growth in sugarcane cultures. This herbicide is highly toxic and can persist in soil for up to 2 years according to its degradation half-life. Hence, its residual effect is highly hazardous for the environment and local habitants via leaching, surface runoff. Screening out of species of green manure as potential phytoremediators for tebuthiuron in soil, with and with no vinasse, accordingly is the scientific point of this study. Green manure species selected for the trial in greenhouse were jack bean [<italic>Canavalia ensiformis</italic> (L.) DC.], pigeon pea [<italic>Cajanus cajan</italic> (L. Millsp.)], velvet bean [<italic>Mucuna pruriens</italic> (L.) DC.)], and millet [<italic>Pennisetum glaucum</italic> (L.) R.Br.], and <italic>Crotalaria juncea</italic> L. as bioindicator of this herbicide. The determination/quantification of height, stem diameter, and number of leaves in all plants were monitored, as well as other morphological traits for drafting any inference on biomass production. Moreover, ecotoxicity bioassays were performed from soil samples at the beginning and at the end of the experiment. Results showed preliminary evidence of effective phytoremediation capacity by <italic>M. pruriens</italic> and <italic>P. glaucum</italic> in soils with tebuthiuron, as the growth of <italic>C. juncea</italic> was sustained. Both Gompertz approach and principal component analysis predicted that these green manure species could grow healthier and for longer periods in soils containing tebuthiuron and vinasse and, thus, reduce physiological anomalies due to ecotoxicity. The implications of this study may aid in the implementation of cost-effective strategies targeting decontamination of tebuthiuron in sugarcane crops with vinasse application in fertigation.</p>