AUTHOR=Waghmode Samadhan , Suryavanshi Mangesh , Sharma Deepansh , Satpute Surekha K. 

TITLE=Planococcus Species – An Imminent Resource to Explore Biosurfactant and Bioactive Metabolites for Industrial Applications

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology

VOLUME=8

YEAR=2020

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/bioengineering-and-biotechnology/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00996

DOI=10.3389/fbioe.2020.00996

ISSN=2296-4185

ABSTRACT=<p>The marine environment represents a well-off and diverse group of microbes, which offers an enormous natural bioactive compounds of commercial importance. These natural products have expanded rigorous awareness due to their widespread stability and functionality under harsh environmental conditions. The genus <italic>Planococcus</italic> is a halophilic bacterium known for the production of diverse secondary metabolites such as 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-d-glucopyranosyl-(1, 2)-β-d-fructofuranose exhibiting stabilizing effect and methyl glucosyl-3,4-dehydro-apo-8-lycopenoate displaying antioxidant activity. The genus <italic>Planococcus</italic> is reported generally for hydrocarbon degradation in comparison with biosurfactant/bioemulsifier secretion. Although <italic>Planococcus</italic> was proposed in 1894, it seized long stretch (till 1970) to get accommodated under the genus <italic>Planococcus</italic> authentically. Large-scale biosurfactant production from <italic>Planococcus</italic> was reported in 2014 with partial characterization. For the first time in 2019, we documented genomic and functional analysis of <italic>Planococcus</italic> sp. along with the physico-chemical properties of its biosurfactant. In 2020, again we screened biosurfactant for pharmacological applications. The present review discusses the comprehensive genomic insights and physical properties of <italic>Planococcus</italic>-derived biosurfactant. Moreover, we also highlight the prospects and challenges in biosurfactant production from <italic>Planococcus</italic> sp. Among ∼102 reports on biosurfactant produced by marine bacteria, 43 were of glycolipid and 59 were non-glycolipid type. Under other biosurfactant type, they were identified as lipopeptide (20) like surfactin (5), glycolipoprotein/lipoprotein (12), and other non-glycolipid (22). <italic>Planococcus</italic> sp. generally produces glycolipid-type biosurfactant (4) and exopolysaccharides (2). The single report documented in the literature is on biosurfactant production (glycolipid +non glycolipid) by diverse marine microbes (39) suggesting their novelty and diversity for biosurfactant secretion.</p>