AUTHOR=Antonacci Amina , Scognamiglio Viviana , Mazzaracchio Vincenzo , Caratelli Veronica , Fiore Luca , Moscone Danila , Arduini Fabiana TITLE=Paper-Based Electrochemical Devices for the Pharmaceutical Field: State of the Art and Perspectives JOURNAL=Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology VOLUME=8 YEAR=2020 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/bioengineering-and-biotechnology/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00339 DOI=10.3389/fbioe.2020.00339 ISSN=2296-4185 ABSTRACT=

The current international pharmaceutical scenario encompasses several steps in drug production, with complex and extremely long procedures. In the last few decades, scientific research has been trying to offer valid and reliable solutions to replace or support conventional techniques, in order to facilitate drug development procedures. These innovative approaches may have extremely positive effects in the production chain, supplying fast, and cost-effective quality as well as safety tests on active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and their excipients. In this context, the exploitation of electrochemical paper-based analytical devices (ePADs) is still in its infancy, but is particularly promising in the detection of APIs and excipients in tablets, capsules, suppositories, and injections, as well as for pharmacokinetic bioanalysis in real samples.