AUTHOR=Lai H. R. , Jia Y.-D. , Jian L. K. , Russell C. T. , Blanco-Cano X. , Luhmann J. G. , Chen C. Z. , Cui J. TITLE=The toroidal curvatures of interplanetary coronal mass ejection flux ropes from multi-point observations JOURNAL=Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences VOLUME=11 YEAR=2024 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/astronomy-and-space-sciences/articles/10.3389/fspas.2024.1478020 DOI=10.3389/fspas.2024.1478020 ISSN=2296-987X