AUTHOR=Bashir M. Fraz , Kronberg Elena , Chen Lunjin TITLE=Editorial: Circulation of heavy ions and their role in regulating the near-earth plasma dynamics JOURNAL=Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences VOLUME=11 YEAR=2024 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/astronomy-and-space-sciences/articles/10.3389/fspas.2024.1382511 DOI=10.3389/fspas.2024.1382511 ISSN=2296-987X