AUTHOR=Qiu Shican , Shi Mengxi , Yousof Hamad , Soon Willie , Jia Mingjiao , Xue Xianghui , Li Tao , Ju Peng , Dou Xiankang 

TITLE=Solitary wave characteristics on the fine structure of the mesospheric sporadic sodium layer

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences

VOLUME=10

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/astronomy-and-space-sciences/articles/10.3389/fspas.2023.1241663

DOI=10.3389/fspas.2023.1241663

ISSN=2296-987X

ABSTRACT=<p>The so-called sporadic sodium layers (SSLs or Na<sub>S</sub>) are proposed to be strongly related to wave fluctuations. The solitary wave is a particular solution of the partial differential equation whose energy travels as a localized wave packet. A soliton, on the other hand, is a special type of solitary wave that exhibits a particle-like behavior with a strong stable form. For the first time, the solitary wave theory has been used in this research to study the fine structure of SSL/Na<sub>S</sub>. We performed soliton fitting processes on the observed data from the Andes Lidar Observatory and found out that 24/27 Na<sub>S</sub> events had exhibited similar features/characteristics to a soliton. Time series of the net anomaly of the Na<sub>S</sub> revealed the same variation process to the solution of a generalized five-order KdV equation. Our results, therefore, suggested that the Na<sub>S</sub> phenomenon would be a pertinent tracer for non-linear wave studies in the atmosphere.</p>