AUTHOR=Shaw Cody L. , Gulledge Deborah J. , Swindle Ryan , Jefferies Stuart M. , Murphy Neil 

TITLE=PMODE I: Design and Development of an Observatory for Characterizing Giant Planet Atmospheres and Interiors

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences

VOLUME=Volume 9 - 2022

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/astronomy-and-space-sciences/articles/10.3389/fspas.2022.768452

DOI=10.3389/fspas.2022.768452

ISSN=2296-987X

ABSTRACT=The giant planets of our Solar System are exotic laboratories, enshrouding keys which can be used to decipher planetary formation mysteries beneath their cloudy veils. Seismology provides a direct approach to probe beneath the visible cloud decks, and has long been considered a desirable and effective way to reveal the interior structure. 
To peer beneath the striking belts and zones of Jupiter and to complement previous measurements--both Doppler and gravimetric--we have designed and constructed a novel instrument suite. This set of instruments is called PMODE--the Planetary Multilevel Oscillations  Dynamics Experiment, and includes a Doppler imager to measure small shifts of the Jovian cloud decks; these velocimetric measurements contain information related to Jupiter’s internal global oscillations and atmospheric dynamics.
We present a detailed description of this instrument suite, along with data reduction techniques and preliminary results (as instrumental validation) from a 24-day observational campaign using PMODE on the AEOS 3.6m telescope atop Mount Haleakala, Maui, HI during the summer of 2020, including a precise Doppler measurement of the Jovian zonal wind profile. Our dataset provides high sensitivity Doppler imaging measurements of Jupiter, and our independent detection of the well-studied zonal wind profile shows structural similarities to cloud-tracking measurements, demonstrating that our dataset may hold the potential to place future constraints on amplitudes and possible excitation mechanisms for the global modes of Jupiter.