AUTHOR=Wangorsch Andrea , Jamin Annette , Eichhorn Stephanie , Pablos Isabel , Sharma Swati , Schweidler Bettina , Kastner Bianca , Wildner Sabrina , Saloga Joachim , Führer Frank , Reyna Orozco Reinaldo Rafael , Sherkat Roya , Sadeghi Somayeh , Teifoori Fardis , Park Jung-Won , Briza Peter , Vieths Stefan , Ferreira Fatima , Arora Naveen , Lidholm Jonas , Gadermaier Gabriele , Scheurer Stephan 

TITLE=Component-Resolved Diagnosis of American Cockroach (Periplaneta americana) Allergy in Patients From Different Geographical Areas

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Allergy

VOLUME=2

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/allergy/articles/10.3389/falgy.2021.691627

DOI=10.3389/falgy.2021.691627

ISSN=2673-6101

ABSTRACT=<p><bold>Background:</bold> Manifestation of respiratory allergy to American cockroach (<italic>Periplaneta americana</italic>) is prominent in the subtropical and tropical areas. However, co-existing perennial indoor inhalant allergies frequently compromise clinical diagnosis of cockroach allergy, and the analysis of sensitization pattern is limited by the lack of <italic>Periplaneta</italic> allergens widely available for component-resolved diagnostics (CRD).</p><p><bold>Objective:</bold> To evaluate a collection of previously described recombinant <italic>Periplaneta</italic> allergens for CRD in cockroach allergy.</p><p><bold>Methods:</bold> A panel of nine recombinant <italic>Periplanet</italic>a allergens (Per a 1–5, 7–10) was generated, purified, and subjected to physicochemical characterization by applying circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), amino acid (AA) analysis, and mass spectrometry (MS). Patients (<italic>n</italic> = 117) from India, Korea, Venezuela, and Iran, reporting perennial respiratory indoor allergies with IgE sensitization to cockroach (<italic>P. americana and/or Blattella germanica</italic>), were included. The sensitization profile was monitored by the experimental ImmunoCAP testing.</p><p><bold>Results:</bold> ImmunoCAP testing confirmed IgE sensitization to <italic>Periplaneta</italic> and/or <italic>Blattella</italic> extract in 98 of 117 patients (<italic>r</italic> = 0.95). Five out of 117 patients were sensitized to only one of the two cockroach species. Within the whole study group, the prevalence of sensitization to individual allergens varied from 4% (Per a 2) to 50% (Per a 9), with the highest IgE values to Per a 9. Patients from four countries displayed different sensitization profiles at which Per a 3 and Per a 9 were identified as major allergens in India and Korea. <italic>Periplaneta</italic>-derived lipocalin and myosin light chain were characterized as new minor allergens, designated as Per a 4 and Per a 8. <italic>Periplaneta</italic> extract showed higher diagnostic sensitivity than all individual components combined, suggesting the existence of allergens yet to be discovered.</p><p><bold>Conclusion:</bold> Utilization of a panel of purified <italic>Periplaneta</italic> allergens revealed highly heterogeneous sensitization patterns and allowed the classification of lipocalin and myosin light chain from <italic>Periplaneta</italic> as new minor allergens.</p>