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REVIEW article
Front. Aging Neurosci.
Sec. Parkinson’s Disease and Aging-related Movement Disorders
Volume 17 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2025.1495769
Early diagnosis of Parkinson's disease: biomarker study
Provisionally accepted- 1 Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology(The First People’s Hospital of Huainan City).Huainan,Anhui province, China., Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
- 2 Department of Neurology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University. Hefei, Anhui province, China., Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common chronic degenerative disease with age-dependent increasing prevalence in the elderly. Non-motor symptoms include sensory deficiencies, autonomic dysfunction, psychological and cognitive abnormalities; while motor symptoms are bradykinesia, myotonia, resting tremor, and postural balance difficulties. The clinical diagnosis of PD depends mainly on patients' medical history and physical examination. It is highly important to realize early detection of PD, and biomarkers are a valuable tool in this regard. The present study reviewed the findings of researches from the last few years, involving the advancements in the study of PD biomarkers in blood, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, urine, tears, imaging, and pathology.
Keywords: Parkinson's disease, biomarkers, Blood, Cerebrospinal Fluid, Saliva, Urine, Tears, imaging
Received: 13 Sep 2024; Accepted: 28 Mar 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Li, Zhang, Xue and Hu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Mei Zhang, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology(The First People’s Hospital of Huainan City).Huainan,Anhui province, China., Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
Pan Pan Hu, Department of Neurology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University. Hefei, Anhui province, China., Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
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