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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Aging Neurosci.
Sec. Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias
Volume 16 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1456525
This article is part of the Research Topic A comprehensive look at biomarkers in neurodegenerative diseases: from early diagnosis to treatment response assessment View all 13 articles

Hyperthyroidism, Hypothyroidism, Thyroid Stimulating Hormone, and Dementia Risk: results from the NHANES 2011-2012 and Mendelian Randomization Analysis

Provisionally accepted
Xixi Sheng Xixi Sheng Ji X. Gao Ji X. Gao Kun F. Chen Kun F. Chen Xu Z. Zhu Xu Z. Zhu *Yu Wang Yu Wang
  • Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    As the world ages, dementia places a heavy burden on society and the economy, but current methods of diagnosing dementia are still limited and there are no better therapies that target the causes of dementia. The purpose of this work is to explore the relationship between thyroid disease, thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH) concentrations, free tetraiodothyronine(FT4) concentrations and cognitive function.This study utilized cognitive function and thyroid data from the 2011-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to assess the relationship between different groups of TSH and FT4 concentrations and cognitive function using weighted logistic regression and restricted cubic spline(RCS), and then used two-sample Mendelian Randomization(MR) to assess the causal relationship between hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, TSH and FT4 concentrations with dementia.Our analysis of the 2011-2012 NHANES data showed that the individuals with low TSH concentrations had higher Alzheimer's Disease Word List Registry Consortium1 (CERAD1) and CERAD.delay.recall scores than individuals with high TSH concentrations, and individuals with low FT4 concentrations had higher CERAD3 and Animal Fluency Test scores than individuals with high FT4 concentrations. Our results also showed a non-linear relationship between serum TSH and FT4 concentrations and the Animal Fluency Test. The TSH concentrations within the range of 1.703 to 3.145 mIU/L exhibit a positive correlation with Animal Fluency Test, whereas concentrations outside this range are negatively correlated with Animal Fluency Test. The FT4 concentrations exhibited a positive correlation with Animal Fluency Test to the left of the FT4 concentrations inflection point (0.849 ng/L), whereas to the right of this inflection point, correlation was negative. MR analysis results further indicate that genetic predisposition to hyperthyroidism may be associated with a reduced risk of dementia and vascular dementia(VaD). Conversely, genetic predisposition to hypothyroidism appears to be linked with an increased risk of dementia and VaD. Additionally,

    Keywords: Dementia, Hyperthyroidism, Hypothyroidism, Thyroid stimulating hormone, NHANES, Mendelian randomization

    Received: 28 Jun 2024; Accepted: 09 Oct 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Sheng, Gao, Chen, Zhu and Wang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Xu Z. Zhu, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.