AUTHOR=Miller Alyssa , Desai Ashna , Roley Laurie Theriot , Goodwin Richard L. , Nathaniel Adebobola I. , Nathaniel Thomas I. TITLE=The role of ethnicity, biological sex, and psychotropic agents in early and late onset Alzheimer’s disease JOURNAL=Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience VOLUME=14 YEAR=2022 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/aging-neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnagi.2022.1052330 DOI=10.3389/fnagi.2022.1052330 ISSN=1663-4365 ABSTRACT=Objective

This study investigates differences in pharmacological and demographic factors among male and female patients with Late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD) and Early-onset Alzheimer’s disease (EOAD).

Method

Data are from 10,126 AD patients, 9,290 were diagnosed with LOAD, while 836 were diagnosed with EOAD. Data were collected from the Prisma Health Upstate Alzheimer’s patients’ registry between 2016 and 2021. The logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between pharmacological and demographic factors in males and females with LOAD and EOAD.

Results

In the adjusted analysis for males, patients that were administered memantine [odd ratio (OR) = 1.588, 95% CI, 1.175–2.145, p = 0.003], and buspirone [OR = 1.971, 95% CI, 1.221–3.183, p = 0.006] were more likely to be associated with EOAD, while increasing age [OR = 0.816, 95% CI, 0.799–0.834, p < 0.001] was associated with LOAD. Female patients with a history of alcohol (ETOH) use were more likely to be associated with EOAD while increasing age [OR = 0.845, 95% CI, 0.834–0.857, p < 0.001], treatment with memantine [OR = 0.774, 95% CI, 0.627–0.956, p = 0.017], African Americans [OR = 0.621, 95% CI, 0.462–0.835, p = 0.002] and tobacco use [OR = 0.529, 95% CI, 0.424–0.660, p < 0.001] were associated with LOAD.

Conclusion

Our findings identified specific demographic and pharmacological factors associated with males and females with LOAD and EOAD. These findings suggest the need to develop strategies to eliminate disparity in the care of LOAD or EOAD patients.