AUTHOR=Jiang Xian , Huang Jiang , Song Daqiang , Deng Ru , Wei Jicheng , Zhang Zhuo 

TITLE=Increased Consumption of Fruit and Vegetables Is Related to a Reduced Risk of Cognitive Impairment and Dementia: Meta-Analysis

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience

VOLUME=9

YEAR=2017

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/aging-neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnagi.2017.00018

DOI=10.3389/fnagi.2017.00018

ISSN=1663-4365

ABSTRACT=<p><bold>Background:</bold> Increased consumption of fruit and vegetables has been shown to be associated with a reduced risk of cognitive impairment and dementia in many epidemiological studies. The purpose of this study was to assess the strength of this association in a meta-analysis.</p><p><bold>Methods:</bold> We identified relevant studies by searching Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library electronic databases (from 1970 to January 2016). Study were included if they reported relative risks and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of cognitive impairment and dementia with respect to frequency of fruit and vegetable intake.</p><p><bold>Results:</bold> Nine studies (five cohort studies and four cross-sectional studies) met the inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. There were a total of 31,104 participants and 4,583 incident cases of cognitive impairment and dementia. The meta-analysis showed that an increased consumption of fruit and vegetables was associated with a significant reduction in the risk of cognitive impairment and dementia (OR = 0.80, 95% CI 0.71–0.89). Subgroup analysis indicated this inverse association was only found among participants with mean age over 65 years and combined sexes. Dose–response meta-analysis showed that an increment of 100 g per day of fruit and vegetable consumption was related to an approximately 13% (OR = 0.87, 95% CI 0.77–0.99) reduction in cognitive impairment and dementia risk. There was no potential publication bias in the meta-analysis and the dose–response meta-analysis.</p><p><bold>Conclusion:</bold> The increased consumption of fruit and vegetables is associated with a reduced risk of cognitive impairment and dementia.</p>