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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Vet. Sci.
Sec. Veterinary Experimental and Diagnostic Pathology
Volume 11 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1524461
This article is part of the Research Topic One Health Approach to Mycobacterial Infections in Veterinary Science View all 3 articles

Effects of different vaccination regimes on the immunodiagnosis of tuberculosis in goats and evaluation of defined antigens

Provisionally accepted
Patricia Cuenca Lara Patricia Cuenca Lara 1*Miriam Blay Benach Miriam Blay Benach 1Zoraida Cervera Zoraida Cervera 1Cristian Melgarejo Cristian Melgarejo 1Julia Moraleda Julia Moraleda 1Iker A. Sevilla Iker A. Sevilla 2Joseba M Garrido Joseba M Garrido 2Mahavir Singh Mahavir Singh 3Gareth Jones Gareth Jones 4Bernat Pérez de Val Bernat Pérez de Val 1
  • 1 IRTA-CReSA, Centre for Research on Animal Health, Bellaterra, Spain
  • 2 Department of Animal Health, NEIKER Basque Institute for Agricultural Research and Development, Biscay, Spain
  • 3 LIONEX GmbH, Brunswick, Niedersachsen, Germany
  • 4 Department of Bacteriology, Animal and Plant Health Agency (United Kingdom), Addlestone, Surrey, United Kingdom

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Tuberculosis (TB) in goats is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) organisms that supposes a great health and economic challenge for the caprine industry in some European and developing countries. It is also a zoonotic disease posing a risk for public health. The control programs of the disease are based on a test-and-slaughter strategy, and vaccination is not feasible with available vaccine due to its interferences with the current TB immunodiagnosis. There is still a need for the development of an effective TB vaccine and, concurrently, diagnostic methods that allow differentiation between infected and vaccinated animals (DIVA approach). In this study, we investigated the interferences caused on the tuberculin (PPD)based TB diagnostic tests in goats immunized by different mucosal and parenteral vaccination strategies: three single-dose strategies based on intranasal administration of BCG and two heatinactivated M. bovis (HIMB) vaccines, and two prime-boost strategies based on parenteral BCG or HIMB priming and intranasal HIMB boosting. Additionally, the defined antigens ESAT-6, CPF10 and EspC were evaluated as alternative diagnostic reagents to PPDs. At week 14 after prime vaccination of the animals, skin tests, IFN- release assay and antibody detection assays were performed. The two prime-boosted and the single-dose intranasal BCG groups displayed greater cellmediated immune responses to PPDs than the two single-dose intranasal HIMB vaccines. However, the use of reagents based on the defined antigens eliminated or reduced the vaccine-induced diagnostic interferences in all groups. Based on these results, the use of defined antigens in the current immunodiagnostic tests appears to be suitable in a future goat TB vaccination scenario.

    Keywords: Vaccines, Mycobacterim bovis, Tuberculosis, diagnosis, skin test, IGRA, DIVA

    Received: 07 Nov 2024; Accepted: 19 Dec 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Cuenca Lara, Blay Benach, Cervera, Melgarejo, Moraleda, Sevilla, Garrido, Singh, Jones and Pérez de Val. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Patricia Cuenca Lara, IRTA-CReSA, Centre for Research on Animal Health, Bellaterra, Spain

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.