Ancor Sanz-García
Raúl López-Izquierdo
Francisco Martín-Rodríguez4,5- 1Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Castilla la Mancha, Talavera de la Reina, Spain
- 2Department of Emergency, Hospital Universitario Rio Hortega, Valladolid, Spain
- 3CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- 4Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- 5Advanced Life Support, Emergency Medical Services (SACYL), Valladolid, Spain
Editorial on the Research Topic
Biomarkers and early warning scores: the time for high-precision emergency medicine
The research field of emergency medicine is a broader area that generally entails several diseases. In addition, the complexity is even greater considering that clinical practice can be performed inside the hospital, by emergency departments (ED), or out-of-hospital, by emergency medical services (EMS). A critical factor commonly faced by the whole range of professionals that constitute the emergency medicine field is the early identification of patients at risk of clinical deterioration. Briefly, those professionals must confront time-dependent decisions under limited information, and sometimes with limited resources, with life-threatening conditions.
Actually, there are biomarker and early warning scores (EWS), designed to provide more information regarding the patient status. Both have shown their utility to determine the clinical impairment of patients. The aim of this Research Topic was to shed light on the biomarker and EWS used in emergency medicine, and includes brief research reports, original research, reviews, and systematics reviews.
Due to the huge number of conditions faced in emergency field, the different works presented in this Research Topic deal with the prediction of a wide range of diseases: infection Risk prediction by using machine learning-based techniques (Feng T. et al.), COVID-19 (Fu et al.; Xiao et al.; Nogueira et al.; Wang et al.; Roy-Vallejo et al.), poisoning (Yu et al.), trauma alone (Li et al.) or trauma complicated with sepsis (Feng K. et al.), acute aortic dissection (Chen et al.), cerebrovascular diseases (Deguchi et al.), and neurological patients (Donoso-Calero et al.). There were also studies describing biomarkers not for particular diseases, but for all patients admitted to the ICU (Tang et al.). In the collection presented here, other elements have also been studied, such as the assessment of overcrowding in emergency departments, which also influences the quality of care, the weekday or season showed to be important for the ED workload (Hitzek et al.). In this sense, previous triage by phone (Katayama et al.) could help to improve the always oversaturated ED. Or even, the proposal of one of the studies, in which the authors describe the utility of using a syndromic surveillance after a catastrophic event (Fernandez et al.).
As the different studies in this Research Topic shown, there are several EWS. Therefore, a key question arises: which of them is the most valuable? This was answered, at least for the prehospital setting, by one of the studies. The authors presented a systematic review that concludes that National Early warning Score (NEWS) is the most suitable for out-of-hospital (Burgos-Esteban et al.). Another work performed a critical review of the different predicting models that exist in the context of COVID-19 pandemic (Botz et al.).
To conclude, both EWS and biomarkers are a reality in the field of emergency medicine. They are tools under continuous development and research. However, many of them are already fully integrated in decision making, which due to its complexity, must take into account all the available evidence. Finally, the variety of topics covered in this collection demonstrates the great complexity and difficulty involved in this health specialty.
Author contributions
AS-G: Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing. RL-I: Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing. FM-R: Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing.
Funding
The author(s) declare that no financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
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Keywords: emergency medicine, biomarkers, early warning score, prehospital, emergency department
Citation: Sanz-García A, López-Izquierdo R and Martín-Rodríguez F (2024) Editorial: Biomarkers and early warning scores: the time for high-precision emergency medicine. Front. Public Health 11:1349881. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1349881
Received: 05 December 2023; Accepted: 19 December 2023;
Published: 08 January 2024.
Edited and reviewed by: Stefano Orlando, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy
Copyright © 2024 Sanz-García, López-Izquierdo and Martín-Rodríguez. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
*Correspondence: Ancor Sanz-García, ancor.sanz@gmail.com