Ping Cong ¹ Jiashen Song ¹ Jianxin Dong ² Wenyan Su ² Wenhao Feng ¹ Hongyuan Zhang ^1*

• ¹ Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
• ² Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculural Sciences, Qingdao, China

Salinized soil often exhibits high salt content and low nutrient availability, leading to the reduction of soil ecosystem function and crop productivity. Although straw return has profound effects on saline soil improvement, how soil quality index (SQI), soil ecosystem multi-functionality (EMF), and crop yield respond to different organic ameliorants remain unclear. Herein, a field experiment was established to explore the influence of various straw managements (no organic ameliorant, CK; corn straw return, CS; corn straw biochar return; CB) on the saline soil functions and crop productivity. In relative to CK and CB, CS significantly improved SQI by 52 and 35%, respectively. This may be due to the decreased soil salt (especially soluble Na+) and increased available nutrient under corn straw return. Furthermore, CS increased soil EMF than CK by 71% and CB by 39%, which was caused by the increased activities of β-1, 4-glucosidase, β-1,4-N-Acetyl-glucosaminidase, and Leucine aminopeptidase. Linear model further supported that soil enzyme activities are positively related to available nutrient contents and negatively correlated with salt content. Moreover, the crop yield under CS significantly increased by 22% compared to CK. Also, soil quality positively influenced crop yield, with soil salt and available phosphorus were the primary influencing factors. However, crop yield was not sensitive to soil EMF. In summary, straw return was more benefit to improving soil quality and crop productivity than biochar in the short term in saline soils.