Janos Paloczi1*
Youngchan Kim2,3,4- 1Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
- 2Department of Microbial Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Surrey, Guilford, United Kingdom
- 3Leverhulme Quantum Biology Doctoral Training Centre, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
- 4Advanced Technology Institute, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
Editorial on the Research Topic
Biophysics approaches to investigate multi-organ alcohol-induced damage
Alcohol remains the most commonly used intoxicant globally, particularly among young individuals. Its easy accessibility has led to extensive personal and social use, particularly during the recent years of the pandemic. Alcohol consumption can result in a spectrum of diseases affecting various organs in alcohol-dependent individuals, resulting in a complex disease profile and severe consequences. According to the latest report from the World Health Organization on the global status of alcohol and health, alcohol has been responsible for nearly 3 million deaths annually in recent years, or around 6 deaths per minute worldwide. This underscores the urgent need for new measures to alleviate the burden of alcohol-related diseases.
The application of a multi-omics approach in alcohol research has recently emerged as a powerful and comprehensive strategy to disentangle the complex interplay of molecular events underlying alcohol-induced physiological responses. The latest advances in the field of alcohol research aim to integrate genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and epigenomics to enhance our understanding of the development and progression of alcohol-induced diseases (Kapoor et al., 2021; Zillich et al., 2023; Mavromatis et al., 2022; Lohoff et al., 2022). This systems biology approach allows us to identify key biomarkers, pathways, and molecular signatures associated with alcohol-related conditions, such as liver disease, cardiovascular dysfunction, and neurological disorders. The comprehensive analysis of these omics layers enables the identification of potential therapeutic targets and personalized interventions, facilitating a more nuanced and precise approach to alcohol-related health challenges. Moreover, the integration of multi-omics data enhances our ability to comprehend the intricate relationships between genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and alcohol-induced pathophysiology contributing to a more profound insight into the complexities of alcohol-related disorders.
Our Research Topic, “Biophysics Approaches to Investigate Multi-organ Alcohol-induced Damages,” featured newly developed tools in alcohol research. It combined multi-omics-based approaches, structural biology, biochemistry, biophysics, and translational aspects to study the effects of excessive alcohol misuse. Our ultimate goal was to provide a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying alcohol addiction and alcohol-induced organ damage from the biophysicist’s perspective. Through the use of cutting-edge approaches, we aimed to identify potential therapeutic targets for treating alcohol use disorder.
This Research Topic includes original research papers as well as reviews that offer a unique insight into the biophysical characteristics of alcohol misuse, with potential applications for alcohol research.
• In a comprehensive review, Lee and Kim summarized our current understanding of how plant-derived activators of nuclear receptors, specifically isoflavones, can serve as a novel therapeutic strategy to mitigate alcoholic liver disease. They highlighted their potential to improve hepatocyte survival and attenuate liver damage through the regulation of macrophages and other immune cell types. The authors also emphasized the significance of computational approaches as valuable tools for studying the molecular interactions of isoflavone analogues with their targets.
• Another review by Shortall et al. focused on the combined examination of the structural, functional, and biophysical properties of bacterial and eukaryotic alcohol dehydrogenases (ALDHs), including their roles in human disease.
• Shalchi-Amirkhiz et al. demonstrated that a single session of binge alcohol drinking does not significantly alter the biophysical features of leukocytes. However, in vitro exposure of leukocytes to ethanol during stimulation inhibits the cytoskeleton reorganization of monocytes and neutrophils, impeding cell deformability and thereby affecting immune cell functions.
• Chen et al. reported that plasma levels of homocysteine are not significantly associated with three non-alcoholic fatty liver-related diseases (non-alcoholic fatty liver disease or its progression, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and cirrhosis) as revealed by the two-sample Mendelian Randomization method.
• Singh et al. and co-workers investigated whether polymorphisms in the major alcohol-metabolizing enzyme genes (alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), and cytochrome P450 enzymes) could be linked to alcoholic pancreatitis. They concluded that individuals carrying the ADH3*1/*1 allele and consuming alcohol are at a higher risk for alcoholic pancreatitis than those with other genotypes of the ADH enzyme.
In conclusion, exploring the biophysical aspects of alcohol research provides a crucial dimension to our understanding of its impact on the human body. The authors contributing to this Research Topic employed cutting-edge tools and methodologies gaining a unique perspective on how alcohol misuse affects cellular and physiological functions. This in-depth exploration not only enhances our ability to mitigate the burden of alcohol-related diseases but also lays the groundwork for more targeted and effective interventions in the realm of addiction and public health.
Author contributions
JP: Writing–original draft, Writing–review and editing. YK: Writing–review and editing.
Funding
The author(s) declare that no financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
Acknowledgments
We would like to extend our sincere gratitude to our guest editor, Muhammad Arif at the National Institutes of Health, National Institutes on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism for his invaluable contribution to editing this Research Topic.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
Publisher’s note
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article, or claim that may be made by its manufacturer, is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
References
Kapoor, M., Chao, M. J., Johnson, E. C., Novikova, G., Lai, D., Meyers, J. L., et al. (2021). Multi-omics integration analysis identifies novel genes for alcoholism with potential overlap with neurodegenerative diseases. Nat. Commun. 12 (1), 5071. doi:10.1038/s41467-021-25392-y
Lohoff, F. W., Clarke, T. K., Kaminsky, Z. A., Walker, R. M., Bermingham, M. L., Jung, J., et al. (2022). Epigenome-wide association study of alcohol consumption in N= 8161 individuals and relevance to alcohol use disorder pathophysiology: identification of the cystine/glutamate transporter SLC7A11 as a top target. Mol. psychiatry 27 (3), 1754–1764. doi:10.1038/s41380-021-01378-6
Mavromatis, L. A., Rosoff, D. B., Cupertino, R. B., Garavan, H., Mackey, S., and Lohoff, F. W. (2022). Association between brain structure and alcohol use behaviors in adults: a Mendelian randomization and Multiomics study. JAMA psychiatry 79 (9), 869–878. doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2022.2196
Keywords: alcohol research, alcohol misuse, alcohol induced disorders, alcohol binge drinking, biophysical approach
Citation: Paloczi J and Kim Y (2023) Editorial: Biophysics approaches to investigate multi-organ alcohol-induced damage. Front. Mol. Biosci. 10:1346518. doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1346518
Received: 29 November 2023; Accepted: 11 December 2023;
Published: 18 December 2023.
Edited and reviewed by:
William C. Cho, QEH, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaCopyright © 2023 Paloczi and Kim. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
*Correspondence: Janos Paloczi, jpaloc@lsuhsc.edu