Andrographolide suppresses chronic and relapsing-remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
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1
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Neurología, Chile
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2
Universidad Austral de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Instituto de Farmacología y Morfofisiología, Chile
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune and demyelinating disease of the CNS. Despite the several drugs available for MS treatment, a significant percentage of patients do not respond or develop exacerbations to these therapies. Andrographolide is a bicyclic diterpenoid lactone derived from Andrographis paniculata, a plant indigenous to South Asian countries that has been used as an official herbal medicine in China and India. Andrographolide has anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory action blocking T cell activation and modulating transcriptional activity. We have previously shown that prophylactic andrographolide administration ameliorated experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of MS. In this study, we tested the therapeutic effect of andrographolide on the development of chronic and relapsing-remitting (RR) EAE. Control mice were treated with either vehicle or 1 µg/ml of IFN-β1a (Rebif®). Clinical score was recorded daily and spinal cords were collected and fixed for histological analysis. We found that andrographolide (1 to 4 mg/kg) administered intraperitoneally either daily or every other day significantly improved the symptoms of chronic EAE induced by myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein in C57BL/6 mice whereas rmIFN-β1a showed a moderate effect. Remarkably, andrographolide provided long-lasting protection after treatment cessation. Spinal cords from andrographolide treated mice exhibited less cell infiltration, demyelination and microglia activation as compared with vehicle-treated mice. Furthermore, andrographolide prevented relapses in RR-EAE (SJL mice). Our results suggest that andrographolide is more efficacious in mouse EAE as compared with rmIFN-β and that it might have therapeutic benefits for MS treatment.
Keywords:
Multiple Sclerosis,
neuroimmunology,
immune therapy,
Autoimmunity,
traslational,
animal models of,
Animal models of Multiple Sclerosis (EAE)
Conference:
15th International Congress of Immunology (ICI), Milan, Italy, 22 Aug - 27 Aug, 2013.
Presentation Type:
Abstract
Topic:
Translational immunology and immune intervention
Citation:
Tichauer
JE,
Molina
E,
Acuña
E,
Burgos
RA,
Hancke
J,
Cárcamo
C and
Naves
R
(2013). Andrographolide suppresses chronic and relapsing-remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
Front. Immunol.
Conference Abstract:
15th International Congress of Immunology (ICI).
doi: 10.3389/conf.fimmu.2013.02.00301
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Received:
22 Mar 2013;
Published Online:
22 Aug 2013.
*
Correspondence:
Mr. Juan E Tichauer, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Neurología, Santiago, Chile, jtichauer@gmail.com