A novel neuron-glia interaction mediated by new glycolipid metabolite and its specific receptor
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1
Riken Brain Science Institute, Molecular Membrane Neuroscience, Japan
Cholesterol/sphingolipid complex is thought to form lipid raft in biological membrane. It serves as key assembly and sorting platforms for cell-cell interactions or signal transduction complexes and modulates multiple cellular processes, such as axonal growth and guidance of neuronal growth cones, and neuron-glia interactions. We have demonstrated that a novel glycolipid phosphatidylglucoside (PtdGlc)-enriched lipid raft is present in developing neural membranes. We succeeded in determining its complete structure from rodent brains. Recently we found that LysoPtdGlc is synthesised and released by developing radial glia to regulate the targeting of nociceptive but not proprioceptive central axon projections. We also identified the G protein-coupled receptor GPR55 as a receptor specific for LysoPtdGlc, and GPR55 deletion caused the abnormal location of nociceptive axons into proprioceptive zones. Our findings show that LysoPtdGlc/GPR55 axis is a lipid-based signalling system in neuron-glia communication for neural development. Furthermore, our recent studies on GPR55-knockout mice, including other researchers report demonstrate that lyso-PtdGlc/GPR55 axis plays significant roles in a wide variety of biological processes.
Keywords:
Neurons,
glia,
glycolipid,
GPR55,
Neuronal growth cones
Conference:
14th Meeting of the Asian-Pacific Society for Neurochemistry, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 27 Aug - 30 Aug, 2016.
Presentation Type:
Symposium 12: Glycolipids and the Regulation of Complex Networks in Neural Membranes
Topic:
14th Meeting of the Asian-Pacific Society for Neurochemistry
Citation:
Hirabayashi
Y
(2016). A novel neuron-glia interaction mediated by new glycolipid metabolite and its specific receptor.
Conference Abstract:
14th Meeting of the Asian-Pacific Society for Neurochemistry.
doi: 10.3389/conf.fncel.2016.36.00050
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Received:
26 Jul 2016;
Published Online:
11 Aug 2016.
*
Correspondence:
Prof. Yoshio Hirabayashi, Riken Brain Science Institute, Molecular Membrane Neuroscience, Wako, Saitama, Japan, hirabaya@riken.jp